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世界银行：马来西亚得的社会援助：谁受益，谁错失（英文版）

This paper presents an in-depth analysis of who benefits and who misses out on social assistance (SA) transfers in Malaysia. As the first in a two-part series on SA, the paper uses data from the Household Income Survey (HIS) of 2019 and 2022 to asses...

2026-01-12 31 1.04MB 39页
印度国际经济关系研究理事会（ICRIER）：女性在劳动力市场：将对话从中央推进到各州（英文版）

State financing plays a key role in driving economic growth at the sub-national level. While much is spoken about the state-centre relationship with respect to the devolution of funds, there is relatively less emphasis on the gender inclusivity of th...

2026-01-12 9 1.17MB 18页
世界银行：变革的种子：印度引进Bt棉花的影响（英文版）

Although many studies have examined the factors affecting structural transformation, the role of relative factor endowments has not been extensively explored. This paper examines the effects of the introduction of Bt cotton in India and finds substan...

2026-01-09 16 3.67MB 54页
世界银行：世界银行非洲增长与机遇：行动研究会议（英文版）

This paper examines whether the African Growth and Opportunity Act—the United States’ unilateral trade pref‑ erence program for Sub‑Saharan Africa—has served as an effective instrument for development and what its modern‑ ization should entail. The s...

2026-01-09 12 336.28KB 13页
碎片化悖论：降低贸易风险与全球安全（英文版）

We develop a model embedding a diplomatic game within a quantitative model of trade. Bilateral disputes arise exogenously, and rival countries engage in negotiations (which may fail) to avoid war. All welfare-relevant geoeconomic factors, such as the...

2026-01-09 9 738.33KB 43页
波鸿鲁尔大学&MPI-SWS：生成式AI时代网络搜索特征研究（英文版）

The advent of LLMs has given rise to a new type of web search: Generative search, where LLMs retrieve web pages related to a query and generate a single, coherent text as a response. This output modality stands in stark contrast to traditional web se...

2026-01-08 11 3.46MB 24页
CEPR：工作的未来（英文版）

I will provide a brief overview of some of the main questions and challenges facing today's labour markets. Let me start with some very broad and simple data, some aggregate trends for the US labour market. I’ll begin with some relatively good ne...

2026-01-08 18 14.08MB 52页
国民经济研究局：中国货币政策传导的内外机制（英文版）

Using a novel indicator for the People's Bank of China monetary policy stance, we estimate a policy rule that accounts for the dual nature of its price stability mandate---encompassing domestic inflation and the exchange rate---and for the evolut...

2026-01-08 8 4.43MB 67页
国际货币基金组织：阿鲁巴的海平面上升与气候适应（英文版）

Sea-level rise presents long-term risks in Aruba that can lead to sizable permanent costs with potentially large macroeconomic and fiscal consequences. Aruba cannot control global sea-level, but it can manage how it affects the country by adapting. U...

2026-01-08 9 1.13MB 20页
国际货币基金组织：阿鲁巴的人口统计及其对劳动力市场和产出的潜在影响（英文版）

: Historically, Aruba benefited from population growth that expanded the labor force, thereby boosting productivity and fostering economic growth—a phenomenon known as the “demographic dividend”. However, declining fertility rates and a rapidly aging...

2026-01-08 11 1.01MB 21页
国际货币基金组织：改善克罗地亚人力资本投资：教育和医疗公共支出的效率（英文版）

Croatia’s public spending efficiency in education and healthcare can be increased. Increased efficiency would free fiscal resources that could be used for fiscal savings and/or improved outcomes. This would require reforms such as consolidating schoo...

2026-01-08 8 4.05MB 69页
国际货币基金组织：评估亚美尼亚的财政框架（英文版）

This paper evaluates Armenia’s fiscal framework, focusing on fiscal rule design and implementation. Despite the 2018 reforms strengthening the Armenia’s fiscal rules, limitations persist: rules are somewhat procyclical and complex, ex-post enforcemen...

2026-01-08 8 846.26KB 23页
国际货币基金组织：气候适应与能源改革：增强博茨瓦纳的宏观经济韧性（英文版）

Botswana faces mounting macroeconomic risks from intensifying climate trends and fiscal strain from electricity subsidies. Rising temperatures, more frequent extreme heat, and longer droughts threaten agricultural yields, labor productivity, and long...

2026-01-08 7 1.25MB 29页
国际货币基金组织：网络风险监管与监督的良好实践（英文版）

The paper synthesizes global experiences and key lessons in the regulation and supervision of cyber risk in the financial sector. It draws on the IMF’s financial stability surveillance and technical assistance work. It underscores the increasing freq...

2026-01-08 8 7.6MB 62页
国际货币基金组织：支持财政整顿的结构性改革（英文版）

Botswana faces growing fiscal challenges driven by declining diamond revenues, rigid expenditure, and weakened fiscal institutions, contributing to elevated fiscal deficits and rising public debt. These pressures underscore the need for timely reform...

2026-01-08 24 586.61KB 19页
元宇宙中NFT数字作品版权保护（英文版）

Non-fungible token (NFT) emerges with the marvelous explosion of the metaverse. NFT digital works are profoundly impacting the existing copyright system, which needs to be amended and responded to in time. There is a possibility that it will complete...

2026-01-06 13 1.03MB 14页
AMRO：泰国汽车电动化转型：对经济增长的短期影响（英文版）

Thailand, Southeast Asia’s leading automotive hub, is undergoing a structural transition from internal combustion engine vehicles to electric vehicles (EVs), driven by domestic industrial upgrading ambitions and global decarbonization pressures. Whil...

2026-01-06 12 616.47KB 30页
国际货币基金组织：安道尔的住房负担能力：安道尔公国（英文版）

Housing affordability is an increasing social and economic concern for Andorra. Changing demographics and increasing real estate prices and rents combine to create a housing affordability issue in Andorra. This paper shows a granular analysis of hous...

2026-01-05 9 1.14MB 22页
国际货币基金组织：小型开放经济体的气候变化：以安道尔为例（英文版）

Climate change is macro-critical to Andorra: with (mostly winter) tourism accounting for one third of its economy, Andorra is directly exposed to climate change—shorter winter seasons, declining snow falls, higher costs from artificial snow making ar...

2026-01-05 12 1.14MB 19页
国际货币基金组织：增强马绍尔群岛对自然灾害和气候变化的抵御能力：马绍尔群岛共和国（英文版）

The Republic of Marshall Islands (RMI) faces severe challenges due to its vulnerability to climate change and natural disasters, resulting in economic repercussions such as erosion, flooding, droughts, and damage to essential infrastructure. Leveragi...

2026-01-05 9 1.05MB 19页

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