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国际货币基金组织：跨境移民对拉丁美洲和加勒比国家劳动力参与性别差距的影响（英文版）

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2025-09-01 28 2.5MB 32页
世界银行：脱碳化航空运输：准实验的洞见

2023年中美直飞航班仅占2019年同期的7%。这项准实验为航空运输脱碳化辩论提供了信息。据估计的结构模型显示，恢复疫情前的直飞连通性可将旅客数量增加387 %并使价格降低63%。此外，由于航班管制，二氧化碳排放下降了80%。一项反事实模拟表明，通过维持新冠疫情前的连接性，并通过市场机制（即抵消）实现相同的减排量，将导致旅客数量增加（+365%）、价格降低（−6 0%）以及消费者剩余的减少幅度更低（−40%），这比后新冠疫情时期的均衡状态观察到的要高。...

2025-09-01 256 1.07MB 21页
世界银行：制定政策以解决撒哈拉以南非洲地区的性别数字技能差距（英文版）

The rapid expansion of the digital economy in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) presents opportunities and challenges in addressing the gender digital skills divide. This report analyzes comprehensive, genderresponsive policy approaches to bridge this gender ...

2025-08-29 256 4.73MB 30页
世界银行：中东和北非地区儿童早期接触干旱的长期影响（英文版）

This paper examines the long-term impacts of early-life drought exposure on the human capital and socioeconomic outcomes of women born in the Arab Republic of Egypt, Jordan, and Morocco across more than five decades. Using a pooled cross-section of 1...

2025-08-29 58 1.27MB 42页
世界银行：中东和北非干旱对劳动力市场的影响（英文版）

This paper examines the impact of negative precipitation shocks (droughts) on labor markets in the Middle East and North Africa region. Using Labor Force Survey data across five countries over approximately 25 years and matched with fifth generation ...

2025-08-29 54 1.23MB 33页
世界银行：资源丰富经济体的财政乘数：来自海湾国家的证据（英文版）

This paper utilizes the unique dynamics of fiscal budgeting in countries with a large hydro-carbon sector to estimate fiscal multipliers. The main identifying assumption rests on the idea that exogenously identified global hydrocarbon demand shocks c...

2025-08-29 50 446.94KB 35页
DGP：一种用于图增强大语言模型欺诈检测的双粒度提示框架（英文版）

Real-world fraud detection applications benefits from graph learning techniques that jointly exploit node features—often rich in textual data—and graph structural information. Recently, Graph-Enhanced LLMs emerge as a promising graph learning approac...

2025-08-29 19 531.35KB 9页
美联储：流行病和战争通货膨胀：国际经验的教训（英文版）

This paper examines the drivers of the 2020–23 inflation surge, with an emphasis on the similarities and differences across countries, as well as the role that monetary policy frameworks might have played in shaping central banks’ responses. The infl...

2025-08-29 25 1.44MB 38页
美联储：美联储2019-20年货币政策框架审查的起源、结构和结果（英文版）

In this paper, we describe the Federal Reserve’s 2019–20 review of its monetary policy framework. First, we discuss the historical background of and motivation for the review. We then summarize the structure of the 2019–20 review, which included Fed ...

2025-08-29 25 717.32KB 36页
美联储：评估最大就业率（英文版）

We suggest a core set of indicators for evaluating the position of the labor market relative to maximum employment. The unemployment rate remains the key indicator of the cyclical position of the labor market, as it is time-tested, is highly correlat...

2025-08-29 23 832.88KB 28页
美联储：通货膨胀动态对货币政策策略的影响（英文版）

This paper considers robust monetary policy strategies both in situations of low demand and low inflation and when economic developments pose a tradeoff between inflation and output stabilization. We proceed in two parts. First, our quantitative anal...

2025-08-29 24 1.78MB 44页
美联储：实际汇率和净贸易动态：金融和贸易冲击（英文版）

This paper studies the drivers of the US real exchange rate (RER), with a particular focus on its comovement with net trade (NT) flows. We consider the entire spectrum of frequencies, as the low-frequency variation accounts for 62 and 64 percent of t...

2025-08-29 24 1.27MB 88页
美联储：疫情以来的通货膨胀：教训和挑战（英文版）

This paper reviews the drivers of the post-pandemic U.S. inflation surge and subsequent decline, including the behavior and role of inflation expectations. The sharp rise in inflation reflected severe imbalances between supply and demand stemming fro...

2025-08-29 32 1.88MB 34页
Rand兰德：联邦预算映射工具（英文版）

To understand the implications of federal spending on trends in economic inequality, it is necessary to understand how federal spending is distributed across the U.S. population. Although much research studies individual programs targeting low-income...

2025-08-29 19 664.19KB 44页
美联储：2019年以来美联储工作人员通胀预测错误回顾（英文版）

This paper examines the Board staff’s inflation forecast misses over the years following the COVID-19 outbreak, focusing on a timeline of what staff members knew when and lessons learned along the way. The staff significantly underestimated both the ...

2025-08-29 23 2.4MB 31页
美联储：国外央行货币政策框架综述：方法、问题和结果（英文版）

We examine the experience of conducting reviews of monetary policy frameworks in the major advanced foreign economies since the Federal Open Market Committee's 2019–20 review. We find that periodic reviews are becoming the norm and have often bee...

2025-08-29 28 600.94KB 18页
美联储：货币政策、不确定性与沟通（英文版）

We review the design and communication of monetary policy strategies that take into account risks and uncertainty. A key element in a robust monetary strategy is the concept of risk management, which is the weighing of key risks when setting policy. ...

2025-08-29 26 784.57KB 23页
美联储：货币政策中的不确定性和风险（英文版）

This paper discusses the measurement, assessment, and communication of risks and uncertainty that are relevant for monetary policy. It provides a taxonomy of policy-relevant uncertainty related to the state and the structure of the economy, and the f...

2025-08-29 26 1.12MB 28页
美联储：劳动力市场动态、货币政策权衡和追求最大就业的短缺方法（英文版）

This paper reviews recent academic studies to assess the implications of adopting a shortfalls, rather than a deviations, approach to pursuing maximum employment. Model-based simulations from these studies suggest three main findings. First, shortfal...

2025-08-29 32 626.78KB 21页
世界银行：不平等的负担，不平等的福利：从性别角度分析秘鲁的财政制度（英文版）

This paper applies a gender lens to the distributional analysis of Peru’s fiscal system using the Commitment to Equity methodology with data from the 2019 Encuesta Nacional de Hogares. The paper examines how taxes and transfers affect households with...

2025-08-29 159 1.12MB 52页

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