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无抵押金融科技贷款对抵押贷款市场的溢出效应（英文版）

I study the spillover effect of unsecured FinTech lending on mortgage markets. Using quasi-exogenous variation in LendingClub loan activity due to its partnership with the BancAlliance consortium of community banks in February 2015, I present causal ...

2025-03-25 25 6.99MB 68页
英国财政研究所（IFS）：更年期“罚款”（英文版）

The motherhood penalty is well-documented, but what happens at the other end of the reproductive spectrum? Menopause—a transition often marked by debilitating physical and psychological symptoms—also entails substantial costs. Using population-wide N...

2025-03-24 22 1.25MB 76页
OECD经合组织：引领人工智能未来：预见性治理策略研究（英文版）

This report was developed as a contribution to the OECD’s 2023-2024 horizontal project on Going Digital, Phase IV, under the Technology Governance Pillar, in collaboration with the Committee for Scientific and Technological Policy (CSTP), the Regulat...

2025-03-20 54 3.11MB 34页
未来能源研究所：干旱期间稀缺水资源定价的保护和分配后果

Using price incentives to allocate scarce resources is a core tenet of economics but may result in unpalatable distributional outcomes. We analyze the efficacy of prices as a means of inducing water conservation during severe drought by studying the ...

2025-03-20 30 953.82KB 74页
国际清算银行：拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的快速支付和金融普惠（英文版）

Most countries in Latin America and the Caribbean are implementing fast payment systems (FPS), often with the goal of enhancing access to and use of affordable financial services. FPS offer immediate transfer of funds on a 24x7 basis between end user...

2025-03-19 34 729.36KB 20页
国际清算银行：收益率曲线上的货币政策：央行会影响长期实际利率吗？（英文版）

This paper presents theory and evidence to advance the notion that very persistent policy-induced interest rate changes may have only weak effects on activity. This arises when consumption-savings decisions are not primarily driven by intertemporal s...

2025-03-19 26 1.22MB 63页
ACT Education Corp：增强型ACT链接研究报告

从2025年4月开始，ACT将引入ACT的增强版形式。 ® 测试全国在线考试，预计到2026年春季在全国、州和地区以及国际的纸笔考试和在线考试参与者中全面推广。ACT通过改变考试长度和考试时间、每个题目提供更多时间、重新平衡报告类别、增加嵌入式实地测试题目、将科学测试设为可选以及将ACT综合分数从英语、数学、阅读和科学（EMRS）的平均分改为仅英语、数学和阅读（EMR）的平均分进行了重大更新。这些增强功能的详细信息可在ACT网站上查看（）。 www.act.org/actenhance...

2025-03-19 26 1.54MB 25页
国际货币基金组织：欧洲的长期支出压力

欧洲国家面临高、上升且持续时间长的支出压力，凸显了需要重新关注财政政策以及全面的结构性改革，以使他们的经济为未来几十年做好准备。在现有的财政负担——体现在几个国家的高赤字和债务比率中，受到近期冲击和财政巩固需要的影响——之上，欧洲五个关键领域的支出压力即将到来且正在增长：由人口老龄化驱动的养老金和医疗保险/长期护理支出、气候转型的成本、增加的国防开支以及更高的政府借贷成本。提升对问题的认识并实施这一议程将不会是一件容易的任务。纳入长期支出压力、并由全面分析和数据支持的精心设计的财政框架...

2025-03-19 27 3.84MB 52页
国际货币基金组织：货币政策中的保险公司渠道

我们研究了人寿保险公司在传导美国货币政策中的作用。保险公司具有独特的长期负债。我们认为，他们面临着通过投资长期政府债务来匹配负债期限暴露与通过转向风险较高但期限较短的个人债务来获得更高收益之间的权衡。我们发现，由于这种权衡，长期无风险利率在塑造保险公司对风险私人债务的需求方面发挥着关键作用。提高长期无风险利率的紧缩性货币政策冲击会降低保险公司的私人债务需求，提高风险溢价。我们使用细粒度、高频数据和监管变化来追踪保险公司的投资行为如何将货币政策冲击传递到风险溢价中。...

2025-03-19 38 2.39MB 50页
国家智商水平与社会经济发展（英文版）

Using 47 indicators of socioeconomic development and various sources of performance on cognitive tests, we constructed the SDI (socioeconomic development index) and a set of national IQs for 197 nations, the latter using no geographic imputations. Co...

2025-03-19 32 4.22MB 63页
评估并缓解大型语言模型中的状态焦虑（英文版）

Generative artiﬁcial intelligence (AI) has recently gained signiﬁcant atten-tion, particularly with the rapid development and increased accessibility oflarge language models (LLMs), such as OpenAI’s Chat-GPT1 and Google’sPaLM2. LLMs are AI tools desi...

2025-03-18 33 650.8KB 6页
罗马大学：2025年超级高铁（Hyperloop）：第五种新型交通方式-技术研发进展、优势及局限性研究（英文版）

In 2013, Elon Musk proposed an idea. He would propel passengers in a pod through an evacuated tube at nearly the speed of sound, hurtling them from Los Angeles to San Francisco in 30 minutes. It’s a lot quicker than the 2 hours and 40 minutes of th...

2025-03-12 21 2.85MB 72页
宋科：银行数字化转型存在马太效应吗？——基于银行功能的经验阐释

在金融科技快速发展的背景下，厘清数字化赋能商业银行功能转型的影响及其异质性，对于准确把握并推动不同类型银行数字化转型具有重要意义。本文基于银行流动性创造和风险承担的功能视角，通过手动整理、文本挖掘等方式收集海量微观数据，构建中国商业银行数字化转型指数，在此基础上，实证分析数字化转型对银行功能的影响及其可能存在的“马太效应”，并进一步考察外部数字化与内部数字化之间的关系。结果表明：银行数字化转型有助于促进银行流动性创造并降低风险承担水平。机制分析表明，数字化转型主要通过提高银行经营效率...

2025-03-12 63 1.57MB 26页
视觉中的生成式物理人工智能：综述（英文版）

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly advanced the field of computer vision by enabling machines to create and interpret visual data with unprecedented sophistication. This transformation builds upon a foundation of generative models to...

2025-03-12 53 1.74MB 18页
自动驾驶的世界模型综述（英文版）

Abstract—Recent breakthroughs in autonomous driving have revolutionized the way vehicles perceive and interact with theirsurroundings. In particular, world models have emerged as a linchpin technology, offering high-fidelity representations of the dr...

2025-03-11 78 1.18MB 17页
中国在沙特发行美元主权债券的现实及长远意义

2024年11月，中国财政部代表中国政府在沙特首都利雅得成功发行了20亿美元主权债券。此次发行的债券将在香港联合交易所和纳斯达克迪拜交易所上市。此次发行的债券包括三年期12.5 亿美元，发行利率为4.284%；五年期7.5亿美元，发行利率为 4.340%。发行利率较同期限美国国债利差分别仅为一个基点和三个基点，创下了美元债券市场最低利差纪录。此次发行的总认购金额达397.3亿美元，是发行金额的19.9倍；其中五年期认购倍数达27.1倍，也是近年来全球主权债券发行的最高倍...

2025-03-11 34 3.54MB 3页
扩散模型如何做好可控生成？基于奖励引导的控制生成用于扩散模型中的推理时对齐：教程与综述（英文版）

This tutorial provides an in-depth guide on inference-time guidance and alignment methodsfor optimizing downstream reward functions in diffusion models. While diffusion models arerenowned for their generative modeling capabilities, practical applicat...

2025-03-11 40 1.43MB 64页
TITAN：2024年生成式人工智能与虚假信息：最新进展、挑战和机遇（英文版）

Similar to text and visual synthesis, AI-based speech synthesis methods have made enormous progress in recent years, which is mainly due to the so-called “end-to-end learning” paradigm: Here, text analysis, acoustic modelling and audio synthesis are ...

2025-03-11 66 1.17MB 38页
德勤：2025年全球半导体产业展望（英文版）

The semiconductor industry had a robust 2024, with expected double-digit (19%) growth, and sales of US$627 billion for the year. But that’seven better than the earlier forecast of US$611 billion. And 2025 could be even better, with predicted sales of...

2025-03-11 42 1.67MB 17页
太阳中心论：物体可能比看起来更远（英文版）

Solar capacity is booming around the world, both utility scale and residential applications, and is often accompanied by energy storage whose costs are declining as well. Yet after $9 trillion globally over the last decade spent on wind, solar, elect...

2025-03-10 32 2.53MB 55页

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