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药物戒烟在中国恶性肿瘤一级预防中的卫生经济学评价

对中国常见的戒烟药物干预策略进行成本效用分析，以探究药物戒烟作为中国恶性肿瘤一级预防策略的卫生经济性。方法　通过建立Markov队列模拟模型，模拟10 000名35岁有戒烟意愿的人群采用多种药物戒烟策略的干预效果。模型共纳入12种与吸烟相关的恶性肿瘤，分别为肺癌、口腔癌、鼻咽癌、喉癌、食管癌、胃癌、胰腺癌、肝癌、肾癌、膀胱癌、宫颈癌和髓系白血病。以 1年为循环周期，模拟时长为50个周期，评价指标采用增量成本效用比（ICER），意愿支付阈值为1倍人均国民生产总值。通过单因素敏感性分析、概率...

2025-09-04 0 1.64MB 10页
加拿大国际治理创新中心CIGI：呼吁应对人形人工智能对思想自由的威胁（英文版）

Bonding chatbots represent a new frontier in digital technology — one that merges affective computing with machine learning to simulate emotionally significant human relationships. While these tools may offer support to individuals grappling with lon...

2025-09-02 0 228.07KB 10页
韩国央行：气候变化对韩国经济的影响：基于函数数据的聚合VAR（英文版）

This study investigates the economic effects of climate change on small open economies within a broader global context, using South Korea as a case study. We apply advanced econometric techniques to analyze high-dimensional functional data and employ...

2025-09-01 0 2.48MB 51页
欧洲央行：如何在VAR模型中进行贝叶斯联合推理？（英文版）

When economic analysis requires simultaneous inference across multiple variables and time horizons, this paper shows that conventional pointwise quantiles in Bayesian structural vector autoregressions significantly understate the uncertainty of impul...

2025-09-01 1 5.03MB 64页
欧洲央行：央行公司债券购买交易中的异质中介（英文版）

This paper studies the role of financial intermediaries in the transmission of central bank corporate bond purchases to bond yields. Contrary to standard expectations, we find that mutual funds—typically viewed as price-elastic investors—amplify, rat...

2025-09-01 1 3.12MB 95页
ADB亚洲开发银行：财政压力下的货币政策：财政主导的前瞻性分析（英文版）

Subdued economic activity and low tax revenues, especially during crises, drive borrowing and increase public debt. During these periods, to ease the debt burden, central banks may face pressure to deviate from policy targets. Under fiscal dominance,...

2025-09-01 1 1.76MB 43页
国际货币基金组织：货币机器内部：流动性、到期日和信贷转换建模（英文版）

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2025-09-01 0 2.66MB 61页
国际货币基金组织：跨境移民对拉丁美洲和加勒比国家劳动力参与性别差距的影响（英文版）

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2025-09-01 0 2.5MB 32页
世界银行：脱碳化航空运输：准实验的洞见

2023年中美直飞航班仅占2019年同期的7%。这项准实验为航空运输脱碳化辩论提供了信息。据估计的结构模型显示，恢复疫情前的直飞连通性可将旅客数量增加387 %并使价格降低63%。此外，由于航班管制，二氧化碳排放下降了80%。一项反事实模拟表明，通过维持新冠疫情前的连接性，并通过市场机制（即抵消）实现相同的减排量，将导致旅客数量增加（+365%）、价格降低（−6 0%）以及消费者剩余的减少幅度更低（−40%），这比后新冠疫情时期的均衡状态观察到的要高。...

2025-09-01 0 1.07MB 21页
世界银行：制定政策以解决撒哈拉以南非洲地区的性别数字技能差距（英文版）

The rapid expansion of the digital economy in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) presents opportunities and challenges in addressing the gender digital skills divide. This report analyzes comprehensive, genderresponsive policy approaches to bridge this gender ...

2025-08-29 0 4.73MB 30页
世界银行：中东和北非地区儿童早期接触干旱的长期影响（英文版）

This paper examines the long-term impacts of early-life drought exposure on the human capital and socioeconomic outcomes of women born in the Arab Republic of Egypt, Jordan, and Morocco across more than five decades. Using a pooled cross-section of 1...

2025-08-29 0 1.27MB 42页
世界银行：中东和北非干旱对劳动力市场的影响（英文版）

This paper examines the impact of negative precipitation shocks (droughts) on labor markets in the Middle East and North Africa region. Using Labor Force Survey data across five countries over approximately 25 years and matched with fifth generation ...

2025-08-29 0 1.23MB 33页
世界银行：资源丰富经济体的财政乘数：来自海湾国家的证据（英文版）

This paper utilizes the unique dynamics of fiscal budgeting in countries with a large hydro-carbon sector to estimate fiscal multipliers. The main identifying assumption rests on the idea that exogenously identified global hydrocarbon demand shocks c...

2025-08-29 0 446.94KB 35页
DGP：一种用于图增强大语言模型欺诈检测的双粒度提示框架（英文版）

Real-world fraud detection applications benefits from graph learning techniques that jointly exploit node features—often rich in textual data—and graph structural information. Recently, Graph-Enhanced LLMs emerge as a promising graph learning approac...

2025-08-29 0 531.35KB 9页
美联储：流行病和战争通货膨胀：国际经验的教训（英文版）

This paper examines the drivers of the 2020–23 inflation surge, with an emphasis on the similarities and differences across countries, as well as the role that monetary policy frameworks might have played in shaping central banks’ responses. The infl...

2025-08-29 0 1.44MB 38页
美联储：美联储2019-20年货币政策框架审查的起源、结构和结果（英文版）

In this paper, we describe the Federal Reserve’s 2019–20 review of its monetary policy framework. First, we discuss the historical background of and motivation for the review. We then summarize the structure of the 2019–20 review, which included Fed ...

2025-08-29 0 717.32KB 36页
美联储：评估最大就业率（英文版）

We suggest a core set of indicators for evaluating the position of the labor market relative to maximum employment. The unemployment rate remains the key indicator of the cyclical position of the labor market, as it is time-tested, is highly correlat...

2025-08-29 0 832.88KB 28页
美联储：通货膨胀动态对货币政策策略的影响（英文版）

This paper considers robust monetary policy strategies both in situations of low demand and low inflation and when economic developments pose a tradeoff between inflation and output stabilization. We proceed in two parts. First, our quantitative anal...

2025-08-29 0 1.78MB 44页
美联储：实际汇率和净贸易动态：金融和贸易冲击（英文版）

This paper studies the drivers of the US real exchange rate (RER), with a particular focus on its comovement with net trade (NT) flows. We consider the entire spectrum of frequencies, as the low-frequency variation accounts for 62 and 64 percent of t...

2025-08-29 6 1.27MB 88页
美联储：疫情以来的通货膨胀：教训和挑战（英文版）

This paper reviews the drivers of the post-pandemic U.S. inflation surge and subsequent decline, including the behavior and role of inflation expectations. The sharp rise in inflation reflected severe imbalances between supply and demand stemming fro...

2025-08-29 0 1.88MB 34页

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